proc format;
   value fruit 1='banana'
	           2='apple'
	           3='pear';
   value veg 51='broccoli'
	         52='lima beans'
	         53='peas';
   value dairy 101='skim mild'
	           102='cheese'
	           103='yogurt';
   value meat 151='ground beef'
	          152='pork chops'
	          153='sirloin';
   value foodcats  1- 50=[fruit12.]
	              51-100=[veg12.]
	             101-150=[dairy12.]
	             151-200=[meat12.];
run;

Data _null_;
  infile datalines;
  input FoodCode @@;
  put FoodCode= foodcats.;
datalines;
1 53 103 152
run;